Hedera helix
English Ivy
Descriptions: The
genus Hedera
contains 8- 12 species of self-climbing or trailing climbers. Leaves are alternate on woody stems with most
having 3 – 5 lobed leaves which are sometimes variegated. Of these, Hedera helix is known as the English Ivy and is an evergreen
creeping vine growing 6 – 8 inches high in general. It spreads horizontally over the ground or
climbs horizontal surfaces by aerial roots and thrives in shady locations although
sun may be tolerated with certain varieties.
Thus making this plant material especially useful under trees or other
locations where grass will not grow.
English Ivy has two distinct growth stages. In the creeping or climbing juvenile stage
vines have adventitious roots, lobed leaves and minute hairy young shoots. In the adult stage, which generally occurs 20
feet above ground level, aerial bushes are produced with leaves that are ovate
with entire margins with green-yellow flowers.
In the landscape H.
helix tolerates a wide range of conditions but grows best in fertile
humus-rich, moist, well drained soil.
Green-leaved varieties are very shade tolerant. Variegated varieties prefer more light. Protect from winter sun and wind particularly
where marginally hardy. If the
temperature drops below 40°F, many green varieties will develop leaves with
shades of red or purple. Variegated
varieties have been reported to turn pink while yellow varieties become maroon
streaked. There are several varieties available known as “self-branching” varieties,
this means that the plant will produced branches by itself without chemical or
mechanical process resulting in a fuller plant.
Establishment can be hastened if the last four leaves are
removed and the stem buried to the lowest leaf axil. Many varieties of English Ivy establish very
rapidly and should be grown where they can be controlled.
Layman Wholesale Nuseries offers
the following cultivars of Hedera
helix.
- ‘Baltica’
features dark green leaves with white veins. This variety is an ideal selection for
northern areas where evergreen foliage is needed. It is listed as a zone 5 variety as far as cold hardiness but can be grown in
zones 7 – 10 if provided some shade.
- ‘Bettina’ is a zone 7 variety with
leaves with three lobes giving it a coarse texture. Leaf margins are white with silver-gray
tones on a light green center. This
is a very beautiful and graceful selection. It also makes a very nice hanging
basket.
- ‘Eva’ is one of the “White-Variegated
Needlepoint varieties”. Striking
characteristics are a creamy white margin with gray-green centers. It is reported that light levels affect
intensity of variegation.
- ‘Gertrude Strauss’ is a curly
variegated variety. It has a
mottled green-on-cream pattern with nearly all leaves with a green and
gray center and a wide white margin.
- ‘Glacier’ is listed as a variety
suitable for zones 6 – 7. It is one
of the oldest silver-gray variegated selections. This cultivar displays leaves with 3 – 5
lobes. Basal lobes may be mere
projections. Leaves appear
triangular shaped with a heart shaped base. The color is gray-green with sliver-gray
and cream edges. Glacier is also considered a self-branching variety.
- ‘Gold Child’ has medium to large “ivy”
shaped leaves. Variegation can vary
with climatic conditions. Under
cool conditions a bright greenish-gold border with a center with shades of
gray is displayed. In hot weather
borders or margins become creamy white.
This variety is listed as hardy in zones 6 - 8.
- ‘Hahns’
is a good selection in zone 5 where a ground cover for erosion control is
needed. It can reach a height of 12
inches and can tolerate sun or shade.
This is a fast growing cultivar suitable for topiaries and hanging
baskets. This is a self-branching variety.
- ‘Misty’ is a zone 8 variety very
similar to ‘Silver Frost’ but more compact. Leaves are 3 lobed cut approximately1/2
inch deep; are gray-green to deep green with white margins.
- ‘Natasha’ tolerates zones 7 - 9. This variety features tear drop/heart
shaped leaves, margins are entire, leaves are glossy green with prominent
lighter veins and reddish brown stems.
It uses include hanging baskets, accents, containers, groundcovers,
or can be used as a house plant.
- ‘Thorndale’ is a very hardy ivy
suitable outdoors in zones 4 - 8.
It adapts to a wide range of soil types can be used as a
groundcover or trained to climb on vertical surfaces. Leaves are glossy-green with cream
colored veins.
- ‘Yellow Ripple’ is a zone 5 - 11
selection that is relatively slow growing.
Leaves are medium large with 3 – 5 lobes. Each lobe is extremely pointed and
tapering. Margins are creamy-yellow
and contrast with gray-green centers. This is a self-branching variety.